.subpage { padding-top: 86px; }
.subpage-hero {
  min-height: 720px;
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1.15fr .85fr;
  gap: 7vw;
  align-items: end;
  padding: 8rem 5vw 5rem;
  background: var(--ink);
  color: var(--white);
}
.subpage-hero .eyebrow { color: var(--acid); }
.subpage-hero h1 { max-width: 1000px; margin: 0; font-size: clamp(4.4rem, 8.7vw, 10rem); line-height: .82; letter-spacing: -.075em; text-transform: uppercase; }
.subpage-hero h1 em { color: var(--acid); font-family: var(--serif); font-weight: 400; text-transform: none; }
.subpage-lead { max-width: 570px; margin: 0 0 2rem; color: rgba(255,255,255,.68); font-family: var(--serif); font-size: clamp(1.5rem, 2.3vw, 2.25rem); line-height: 1.25; }
.subpage-meta { display: grid; border-top: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.24); }
.subpage-meta span { display: flex; justify-content: space-between; gap: 1rem; padding: .9rem 0; border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.24); color: rgba(255,255,255,.58); font-size: .78rem; }
.subpage-meta strong { color: var(--white); }

.split-heading { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1.15fr .85fr; gap: 8vw; align-items: end; padding: 5rem 0; }
.split-heading h2 { margin: 0; font-size: clamp(3.8rem, 6.5vw, 7.5rem); line-height: .86; letter-spacing: -.07em; }
.split-heading h2 em { color: var(--blue); font-family: var(--serif); font-weight: 400; }
.split-heading > div > p { max-width: 530px; color: #59564f; font-size: 1.08rem; }
.split-heading .button { margin-top: 1rem; }

.service-list { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr); border-top: 1px solid var(--ink); }
.service-item { min-height: 310px; padding: 1.5rem 2rem 2rem 0; border-right: 1px solid var(--line); }
.service-item + .service-item { padding-left: 2rem; }
.service-item:last-child { border-right: 0; }
.service-item > span { display: block; margin-bottom: 4.5rem; color: #77746c; font-size: .72rem; }
.service-item h3 { margin: 0 0 1rem; font-family: var(--serif); font-size: clamp(2rem, 3vw, 3.3rem); font-weight: 400; line-height: 1; }
.service-item p { color: #59564f; }

.portfolio-section { background: var(--blue); color: var(--white); }
.portfolio-section .section-label { border-color: rgba(255,255,255,.3); }
.portfolio-intro { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1.15fr .85fr; gap: 8vw; align-items: end; padding: 5rem 0; }
.portfolio-intro h2 { margin: 0; font-size: clamp(3.8rem, 6.5vw, 7.5rem); line-height: .86; letter-spacing: -.07em; }
.portfolio-intro h2 em { color: var(--acid); font-family: var(--serif); font-weight: 400; }
.portfolio-intro p { max-width: 540px; color: rgba(255,255,255,.68); }
.portfolio-grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr); }
.portfolio-card { min-height: 470px; display: flex; flex-direction: column; padding: 2rem; border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.28); border-right: 0; }
.portfolio-card:last-child { border-right: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.28); }
.portfolio-card.is-featured { background: var(--acid); color: var(--ink); }
.portfolio-tag { margin: 0 0 3rem; font-size: .7rem; font-weight: 850; letter-spacing: .09em; text-transform: uppercase; }
.portfolio-card h3 { margin: 0; font-family: var(--serif); font-size: clamp(2.7rem, 4vw, 4.7rem); font-weight: 400; line-height: .9; }
.allocation { display: grid; gap: .7rem; margin: 2.2rem 0; }
.allocation-line { display: grid; grid-template-columns: auto 1fr auto; gap: .8rem; align-items: center; font-size: .78rem; }
.allocation-line i { height: 4px; background: rgba(255,255,255,.25); }
.is-featured .allocation-line i { background: rgba(17,17,17,.2); }
.allocation-line i::before { content: ""; display: block; width: var(--allocation); height: 100%; background: currentColor; }
.portfolio-card > p:last-child { margin-top: auto; color: rgba(255,255,255,.62); }
.portfolio-card.is-featured > p:last-child { color: rgba(17,17,17,.65); }

.backtest { background: var(--paper); }
.backtest-layout { display: grid; grid-template-columns: .72fr 1.28fr; gap: 6vw; padding-top: 5rem; }
.backtest-copy h2 { margin: 0; font-size: clamp(3.5rem, 5.5vw, 6.5rem); line-height: .88; letter-spacing: -.065em; }
.backtest-copy h2 em { color: var(--blue); font-family: var(--serif); font-weight: 400; }
.backtest-copy > p { color: #59564f; }
.backtest-controls { display: grid; margin-top: 2rem; border-top: 1px solid var(--ink); }
.backtest-control { display: flex; justify-content: space-between; min-height: 56px; padding: 0; border: 0; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); background: transparent; color: #77746c; cursor: pointer; text-align: left; }
.backtest-control span { align-self: center; }
.backtest-control strong { align-self: center; font-size: .76rem; }
.backtest-control.is-active { color: var(--ink); padding-left: .8rem; }
.backtest-control.is-active::before { content: ""; align-self: center; width: 8px; height: 8px; border-radius: 50%; background: var(--blue); }
.chart-panel { min-width: 0; padding: 1.5rem; border: 1px solid var(--line); background: #faf9f5; }
.chart-head { display: flex; justify-content: space-between; gap: 1rem; margin-bottom: 1rem; }
.chart-head p { margin: 0; font-size: .75rem; font-weight: 850; letter-spacing: .08em; text-transform: uppercase; }
.chart-head span { color: #77746c; font-size: .72rem; }
.backtest-chart { width: 100%; min-height: 410px; display: block; }
.chart-grid { stroke: rgba(17,17,17,.12); stroke-width: 1; }
.chart-axis-label { fill: #6e6a62; font: 12px var(--sans); }
.chart-line { fill: none; stroke-width: 4; stroke-linecap: round; stroke-linejoin: round; opacity: .18; transition: opacity .25s, stroke-width .25s; }
.chart-line.is-active { opacity: 1; stroke-width: 6; }
.chart-point { opacity: 0; transition: opacity .25s; }
.chart-point.is-active { opacity: 1; }
.backtest-stats { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr); margin-top: 1.4rem; border-top: 1px solid var(--ink); }
.backtest-stat { padding: 1rem 1rem 0 0; }
.backtest-stat span { display: block; color: #77746c; font-size: .68rem; font-weight: 800; text-transform: uppercase; letter-spacing: .07em; }
.backtest-stat strong { display: block; margin-top: .35rem; font-family: var(--serif); font-size: 2rem; font-weight: 400; }
.methodology { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr); gap: 2rem; margin-top: 4rem; padding-top: 2rem; border-top: 1px solid var(--line); }
.methodology h3 { margin: 0 0 .6rem; font-size: .85rem; }
.methodology p, .methodology a { color: #656159; font-size: .78rem; }
.methodology a { text-decoration: underline; }

.page-cta { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr auto; gap: 4rem; align-items: end; padding: 6rem 5vw; background: var(--acid); }
.page-cta h2 { max-width: 1000px; margin: 0; font-size: clamp(3.5rem, 6.5vw, 7.6rem); line-height: .86; letter-spacing: -.07em; }
.page-cta p { max-width: 440px; margin: 1.5rem 0 0; color: rgba(17,17,17,.65); }

.blog-hero { background: var(--paper-2); color: var(--ink); }
.blog-hero .eyebrow { color: var(--blue); }
.blog-hero h1 em { color: var(--blue); }
.blog-hero .subpage-lead { color: #59564f; }
.blog-hero .subpage-meta { border-color: var(--line); }
.blog-hero .subpage-meta span { color: #68655f; border-color: var(--line); }
.blog-hero .subpage-meta strong { color: var(--ink); }
.article-index { display: grid; border-top: 1px solid var(--ink); }
.article-link { display: grid; grid-template-columns: .3fr 1fr .65fr; gap: 4vw; align-items: start; padding: 2.4rem 0; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); }
.article-link > span { color: #77746c; font-size: .72rem; font-weight: 800; letter-spacing: .08em; text-transform: uppercase; }
.article-link h2 { margin: 0; font-family: var(--serif); font-size: clamp(2.3rem, 4vw, 4.5rem); font-weight: 400; line-height: .95; }
.article-link p { margin: 0; color: #59564f; }
.article-link:hover h2 { color: var(--blue); }
.essay { display: grid; grid-template-columns: .4fr 1.2fr .4fr; gap: 4vw; padding-top: 7rem; padding-bottom: 7rem; border-top: 1px solid var(--line); }
.essay-meta { color: #77746c; font-size: .72rem; font-weight: 800; text-transform: uppercase; letter-spacing: .08em; }
.essay-body h2 { margin: 0 0 2.5rem; font-size: clamp(3rem, 5vw, 6rem); line-height: .9; letter-spacing: -.06em; }
.essay-body .article-lead { font-family: var(--serif); font-size: clamp(1.55rem, 2.3vw, 2.25rem); line-height: 1.3; }
.essay-body p { max-width: 760px; color: #4f4c46; font-size: 1.04rem; line-height: 1.75; }
.essay-body h3 { margin: 3rem 0 1rem; font-size: 1.55rem; }
.article-note { align-self: start; padding: 1.2rem; border: 1px solid var(--line); color: #5f5b54; font-size: .78rem; }

.newsletter-hero { min-height: calc(100svh - 86px); }
.newsletter-card { padding: 2rem; background: var(--paper); color: var(--ink); }
.newsletter-card h2 { margin: 0 0 .7rem; font-family: var(--serif); font-size: clamp(2.4rem, 4vw, 4.4rem); font-weight: 400; line-height: 1; }
.newsletter-card > p { color: #625f58; }
.newsletter-form { display: grid; gap: 1rem; margin-top: 2rem; }
.newsletter-form .form-row input { background: var(--white); }
.topic-checks { display: grid; gap: .55rem; margin: .4rem 0; padding: 0; border: 0; }
.topic-checks legend { margin-bottom: .55rem; padding: 0; }
.topic-checks label { display: flex; gap: .7rem; align-items: center; min-height: 46px; padding: .6rem .8rem; border: 1px solid var(--line); cursor: pointer; }
.topic-checks input { width: 18px; height: 18px; accent-color: var(--blue); }
.newsletter-fineprint { color: #6a665f; font-size: .72rem; }
.newsletter-fineprint a { text-decoration: underline; }
.newsletter-success { padding: 2rem 0; }
.newsletter-success span { display: inline-flex; padding: .35rem .6rem; background: var(--acid); font-size: .7rem; font-weight: 850; text-transform: uppercase; }
.newsletter-success h2 { margin-top: 1.5rem; }

.detail-hero { min-height: 650px; }
.detail-hero h1 { font-size: clamp(4rem, 7.5vw, 8.8rem); }
.detail-hero .subpage-lead { margin-bottom: 0; }
.detail-jump { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: .6rem; margin-top: 2rem; }
.detail-jump a { padding: .65rem .85rem; border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.28); color: rgba(255,255,255,.75); font-size: .72rem; font-weight: 800; text-transform: uppercase; letter-spacing: .06em; transition: background .2s, color .2s; }
.detail-jump a:hover, .detail-jump a:focus-visible { background: var(--acid); color: var(--ink); }

.coverage-grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr); border-top: 1px solid var(--ink); border-left: 1px solid var(--line); }
.coverage-card { min-height: 420px; display: flex; flex-direction: column; padding: 2rem; border-right: 1px solid var(--line); border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); scroll-margin-top: 110px; transition: background .25s, transform .25s; }
.coverage-card:hover { position: relative; z-index: 2; transform: translateY(-5px); background: var(--white); }
.coverage-card > span { color: var(--blue); font-size: .72rem; font-weight: 850; letter-spacing: .08em; text-transform: uppercase; }
.coverage-card h3 { margin: auto 0 1rem; font-family: var(--serif); font-size: clamp(2.8rem, 4.5vw, 5.3rem); font-weight: 400; line-height: .9; }
.coverage-card > p { color: #59564f; }
.coverage-points { display: grid; gap: .55rem; margin: 1.5rem 0 0; padding: 1.2rem 0 0; border-top: 1px solid var(--line); list-style: none; color: #4f4c46; font-size: .82rem; }
.coverage-points li { position: relative; padding-left: 1rem; }
.coverage-points li::before { content: ""; position: absolute; left: 0; top: .62em; width: 5px; height: 5px; border-radius: 50%; background: var(--blue); }
.coverage-card-wide { grid-column: 1 / -1; min-height: 350px; }

.calculator-panel { padding: 2rem; background: var(--paper); color: var(--ink); box-shadow: 0 20px 70px rgba(0,0,0,.2); }
.calculator-panel > span { color: var(--blue); font-size: .7rem; font-weight: 850; letter-spacing: .08em; text-transform: uppercase; }
.calculator-panel h2 { margin: .8rem 0 1.5rem; font-family: var(--serif); font-size: clamp(2.2rem, 3.5vw, 4rem); font-weight: 400; line-height: 1; }
.calc-fields { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr); gap: .9rem; }
.calc-field { display: grid; gap: .45rem; }
.calc-field label { font-size: .69rem; font-weight: 850; letter-spacing: .06em; text-transform: uppercase; }
.calc-field input { width: 100%; min-height: 50px; padding: .75rem .85rem; border: 1px solid rgba(17,17,17,.25); border-radius: 0; background: var(--white); color: var(--ink); font: inherit; outline: none; }
.calc-field input:focus { border-color: var(--blue); box-shadow: inset 0 0 0 2px rgba(23,68,209,.15); }
.calc-result-primary { display: flex; justify-content: space-between; gap: 1rem; align-items: end; margin-top: 1.4rem; padding: 1.2rem; background: var(--blue); color: var(--white); }
.calc-result-primary span { max-width: 180px; font-size: .72rem; font-weight: 800; text-transform: uppercase; letter-spacing: .06em; }
.calc-result-primary strong { font-family: var(--serif); font-size: clamp(2.3rem, 4vw, 4.5rem); font-weight: 400; line-height: .85; white-space: nowrap; }
.calc-results { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr); margin-top: .8rem; border-top: 1px solid var(--ink); }
.calc-result { padding: .8rem .7rem .2rem 0; border-right: 1px solid var(--line); }
.calc-result:last-child { padding-left: .7rem; border-right: 0; }
.calc-result:nth-child(2) { padding-left: .7rem; }
.calc-result span { display: block; min-height: 2.5em; color: #6a665f; font-size: .64rem; font-weight: 800; text-transform: uppercase; letter-spacing: .05em; }
.calc-result strong { display: block; margin-top: .4rem; font-size: 1.05rem; }
.calc-note { margin: 1.2rem 0 0; color: #666159; font-size: .7rem; line-height: 1.45; }
.calculator-panel .form-status { margin-top: .7rem; }

.mortgage-explainer { background: var(--paper-2); }
.explain-grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr); border-top: 1px solid var(--ink); }
.explain-card { min-height: 300px; padding: 1.6rem 2rem 2rem 0; border-right: 1px solid var(--line); }
.explain-card + .explain-card { padding-left: 2rem; }
.explain-card:last-child { border-right: 0; }
.explain-card span { color: var(--blue); font-size: .72rem; font-weight: 850; }
.explain-card h3 { margin: 4rem 0 1rem; font-family: var(--serif); font-size: 2.4rem; font-weight: 400; line-height: 1; }
.explain-card p { color: #59564f; }

.pension-comparison { background: var(--paper-2); }
.pillar-grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; gap: 1px; background: var(--line); border: 1px solid var(--line); }
.pillar-card { min-height: 430px; padding: 2rem; background: var(--paper); }
.pillar-card > span { color: var(--blue); font-size: .72rem; font-weight: 850; letter-spacing: .08em; text-transform: uppercase; }
.pillar-card h3 { margin: 3.5rem 0 1rem; font-family: var(--serif); font-size: clamp(3rem, 5vw, 5.8rem); font-weight: 400; line-height: .9; }
.pillar-card p { color: #59564f; }
.pillar-facts { display: grid; margin-top: 2rem; border-top: 1px solid var(--ink); }
.pillar-facts span { display: flex; justify-content: space-between; gap: 1rem; padding: .7rem 0; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); color: #5d5952; font-size: .78rem; }
.pillar-facts strong { color: var(--ink); }
.source-note { margin-top: 2rem; padding: 1.2rem; border-left: 4px solid var(--blue); background: var(--white); color: #5d5952; font-size: .78rem; }
.source-note a { color: var(--blue); text-decoration: underline; }

@media (max-width: 1180px) {
  .subpage-hero, .split-heading, .portfolio-intro, .backtest-layout, .page-cta { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .subpage-hero { min-height: 780px; padding-top: 6rem; }
  .service-list { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .service-item, .service-item + .service-item { min-height: auto; padding: 2rem 0; border-right: 0; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); }
  .service-item > span { margin-bottom: 2rem; }
  .portfolio-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .portfolio-card, .portfolio-card:last-child { min-height: 390px; border-right: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.28); border-bottom: 0; }
  .portfolio-card:last-child { border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.28); }
  .article-link { grid-template-columns: .25fr 1fr; }
  .article-link p { grid-column: 2; }
  .essay { grid-template-columns: .25fr 1fr; }
  .article-note { grid-column: 2; }
  .detail-hero { min-height: auto; }
  .coverage-grid, .pillar-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .coverage-card-wide { grid-column: auto; }
  .explain-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .explain-card, .explain-card + .explain-card { min-height: auto; padding: 2rem 0; border-right: 0; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); }
  .explain-card h3 { margin-top: 2rem; }
}

@media (max-width: 600px) {
  .subpage-hero { min-height: 720px; padding: 5rem 1.3rem 3rem; }
  .subpage-hero h1 { font-size: clamp(3.4rem, 17vw, 5.7rem); }
  .portfolio-card { padding: 1.4rem; }
  .chart-panel { margin: 0 -1.3rem; padding: 1rem .5rem; }
  .backtest-chart { min-height: 330px; }
  .backtest-stats { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .backtest-stat { display: flex; justify-content: space-between; align-items: baseline; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); }
  .methodology { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .page-cta { padding: 5rem 1.3rem; }
  .article-link { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .article-link p { grid-column: auto; }
  .essay { grid-template-columns: 1fr; padding-top: 5rem; padding-bottom: 5rem; }
  .article-note { grid-column: auto; }
  .newsletter-card { padding: 1.3rem; }
  .calculator-panel { margin: 0 -1.3rem -3rem; padding: 1.3rem; }
  .calc-fields { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .calc-results { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .calc-result, .calc-result:nth-child(2), .calc-result:last-child { display: flex; justify-content: space-between; align-items: baseline; padding: .75rem 0; border-right: 0; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); }
  .calc-result span { min-height: 0; }
  .calc-result-primary { align-items: flex-start; flex-direction: column; }
  .coverage-card { min-height: 360px; padding: 1.4rem; }
  .pillar-card { min-height: 380px; padding: 1.4rem; }
}